Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report Format
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What is the Anti Phospholipid Antibody Test?
Anti phospholipid antibody tests detect autoantibodies directed against phospholipids or associated proteins. These antibodies are linked with clotting disorders, pregnancy loss, and autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and lupus.
What is an Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report Format?
This report presents the levels of specific antiphospholipid antibodies, usually including anti-cardiolipin (aCL), anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI), and lupus anticoagulant (LA), aiding in the diagnosis of APS.
Tests Included in Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report
Test | Description |
aCL IgG/IgM | Detects anti-cardiolipin antibodies associated with thrombosis or pregnancy complications. |
β2GPI IgG/IgM | Measures antibodies to beta-2 glycoprotein I, highly specific for APS. |
Lupus Anticoagulant (optional) | Functional assay identifying clotting abnormalities caused by phospholipid antibodies. |
Key Parts of an Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report
Key Part | Description |
Antibody Type | Indicates whether IgG or IgM antibodies were tested. |
Measured Level | Quantitative result in GPL/MPL or standardized units. |
Reference Range | Cut-offs used to classify results as negative, low positive, or high positive. |
Result Status | Classified based on clinical significance. |
Interpretation | Explains if levels suggest increased clotting risk or autoimmune activity. |
Normal Range for Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report
Test | Negative | Borderline | Positive |
aCL IgG/IgM | <12 GPL/MPL | 12–19 GPL/MPL | ≥20 GPL/MPL |
β2GPI IgG/IgM | <20 U/mL | 20–39 U/mL | ≥40 U/mL |
Parameters to Consider in Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report
Parameter | Interpretation |
Isotype (IgG vs IgM) | IgG is more strongly associated with clinical events like thrombosis. |
Antibody Level | High levels or persistently positive results have more clinical relevance. |
Repeated Testing | Two positive results 12 weeks apart confirm persistent positivity. |
Combined Positivity | Positivity in more than one marker increases the risk of APS. |
Guidelines for Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report Format
Guideline | Description |
Standardized Units | Use GPL, MPL, or U/mL with lab-specific cutoffs. |
Testing Interval | Repeat testing after 12 weeks for confirmation. |
Clinical Context | Correlate results with thrombotic events, miscarriages, or autoimmune symptoms. |
What Do the Results Mean?
Result Type | Interpretation |
Negative | No significant antiphospholipid antibodies detected. |
Borderline | May require repeat testing for confirmation. |
Positive | Suggests increased risk for thrombosis or recurrent pregnancy loss—clinical follow-up recommended. |
Anti Phospholipid Antibodies Report Interpretation
Test | Interpretation |
aCL / β2GPI | Detects autoantibodies linked to blood clotting disorders and autoimmune syndromes like APS. Persistent high values warrant clinical attention. |
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